cxx: implement CDTP (revisisted)

This is WIP of a full revision !178 (closed) after feedback. After some thinking I think the changes will be too many to keep them in the same MR, so that's why created a new one. I will only implement a sender here.

• Implement data sending satellite class
• Implement RandomSender satellite
• Add some basic CI (check cases where data cannot be sent)
• Add docs
• Find a way to get the config